Nguyên tội và Hoàn toàn bại hoại

(Sự quy tội / Imputation of sin)

Imputation

‘The first sin of Adam had unique significance for the whole human race (Rom, 5:12, 14-19; 1 Cor. 15:22). Here there is sustained emphasis upon the one trespass of the one man as that by which sin, condemnation and death came upon all mankind. The sin is identified as ‘the transgression of Adam’, ‘the trespass of the one’, one trespass’, ‘the disobedience of the one’, and there can be no doubt that the first trespass of Adam is intended. Hence the clause ‘because all men sinned’ in Rom. 5:12 refers to the sin of all in the sin of Adam. It cannot refer to the actual sins of all men, far less to the hereditary depravity with which all are afflicted, for in v. 12 the clause in question clearly says why ‘death spread to all men’, and in the succeeding verses the ‘one man’s trespass’ (v. 17) is stated to be the reason for the universal reign of death. If the same sin were not intended, Paul would be affirming two different things with reference to the same subject in the same context. The only explanation of the two forms of statement is that all sinned in the sin of Adam. The same inference is to be drawn from 1 Cor. 15:22, ‘in Adam all die’. If all die in Adam, it is because all sinned in Adam.’

-New Bible Dictionary, I. H. Marshall, J. I. Packer, et.al. (Intervarsity) / Thánh Kinh Tân Từ Điển (UUC: 2009, tr. 1878)

(GSiV: Nguyên tội và Hoàn toàn bại hoại–part 1; A Few Confessions of Faith in Vietnamese; Gospel Grace Versus Dead Religion–part 6; Phúc Âm cho Cơ Đốc nhân; Philadelphia Baptist Confession of Faith–part 19; “Thế Nào Là Một Hội Thánh Khỏe Mạnh?”; Năm Luận Điểm: Ông John Piper–part 12)