Nguyên tội và Hoàn toàn bại hoại
(bại hoại / depravity)
Depravity
‘Sin never consists merely in a voluntary act of transgression. Every volition proceeds from something that is more deep-seated than the volition itself. A sinful act is the expression of a sinful heart (cf. Mk. 7:20-23; Pr. 4:23; 23:7). Sin must always include, therefore, the perversity of heart, mind, disposition and will. This was true, as we saw above, in the case of the first sin, and it applies to all sin. The imputation to posterity of the sin of Adam must, therefore, carry with it involvement in the perversity apart from which Adam’s sin would be meaningless and its imputation an impossible abstraction. Paul states that ‘by one man’s disobedience many were made sinners’ (Rom. 5:19). The depravity which sin entails and with which all men come into the world is for this reason a direct implicate of our solidarity with Adam in his sin. We come to be as individuals by natural generation, and as individuals we never exist apart from the sin of Adam reckoned as ours. Therefore the psalmist wrote, ‘Behold, I was brought forth in iniquity, and in sin did my mother conceive me’ (Ps.51:5) and our Lord said, ‘That which is born of the flesh is flesh’ (Jn. 3:6).’ ‘
-New Bible Dictionary, I. H. Marshall, J. I. Packer, et.al. (Intervarsity) / Thánh Kinh Tân Từ Điển (UUC: 2009, tr. 1878)
(GSiV: Nguyên tội và Hoàn toàn bại hoại–part 1; A Few Confessions of Faith in Vietnamese; Gospel Grace Versus Dead Religion–part 6; Phúc Âm cho Cơ Đốc nhân; Philadelphia Baptist Confession of Faith–part 19; “Thế Nào Là Một Hội Thánh Khỏe Mạnh?”; Năm Luận Điểm: Ông John Piper–part 12)